Fatal Invention: How Science, Politics, and Big Business Re-create Race in the Twenty-first Century - Roberts, Dorothy Review & Synopsis

Synopsis This groundbreaking book by the acclaimed Dorothy Roberts examines how the myth of biological concept of race-revived by purportedly cutting-edge science, race-specific drugs, genetic testing, and DNA databases-continues to undermine a just society and promote inequality in a supposedly post-racial" era. Named one of the ten best black nonfiction books 2011 by AFRO.com, Fatal Invention offers a timely and provocative analysis" (Nature) of race, science, and politics by one of the nation's leading legal scholars and social critics. Review Dorothy Roberts is the fourteenth Penn Integrates Knowledge Professor at the University of Pennsylvania, where she is a George A. Weiss University Professor of Law and Sociology and the inaugural Raymond Pace and Sadie Tanner Mossell Alexander Professor of Civil Rights. She is the author of the award-winning Killing the Black Body and Shattered Bonds and is the co-editor of six books on gender and constitutional law. She serves as chair of the board of directors of the Black Women's Healthy Imperative and lives in Evanston, Illinois.Fatal Invention is a triumph!" -Harriet A. Washington, author of Medical Apartheid and Deadly Monopolies This is the best book of the year If you read one work of nonfiction a year, make this the one." -The New York Journal of Books [Roberts] dismantles the reasons for using race to determine healthy policy and exposes how embedded social assumptions can shape medicine's research agenda and distort science." -Ms. Magazine Masterful." -Eduardo Bonilla-Silva, author of Racism Without Racists Devastatingly counters any argument that can be made for a racial view of genetics." -The Brooklyn Rail Alarming but not alarmist, controversial but evidential, impassioned but rational." -Publishers Weekly, starred review Thought-provoking, well-researched, [and] insightful." -Choice A must-read for those looking for an enlightened discussion of race in the 21st century." -Library Journal Fatal Invention An incisive, groundbreaking book that examines how a biological concept of race is a myth that promotes inequality in a supposedly “post-racial” era. Though the Human Genome Project proved that human beings are not naturally divided by race, the emerging fields of personalized medicine, reproductive technologies, genetic genealogy, and DNA databanks are attempting to resuscitate race as a biological category written in our genes. This groundbreaking book by legal scholar and social critic Dorothy Roberts examines how the myth of race as a biological concept—revived by purportedly cutting-edge science, race-specific drugs, genetic testing, and DNA databases—continues to undermine a just society and promote inequality in a supposedly “post-racial” era. Named one of the ten best black nonfiction books 2011 by AFRO.com, Fatal Invention offers a timely and “provocative analysis” (Nature) of race, science, and politics that “is consistently lucid . . . alarming but not alarmist, controversial but evidential, impassioned but rational” (Publishers Weekly, starred review). “Everyone concerned about social justice in America should read this powerful book.” —Anthony D. Romero, executive director, American Civil Liberties Union “A terribly important book on how the ‘fatal invention’ has terrifying effects in the post-genomic, ‘post-racial’ era.” —Eduardo Bonilla-Silva, professor of sociology, Duke University, and author of Racism Without Racists: Color-Blind Racism and the Persistence of Racial Inequality in the United States “Fatal Invention is a triumph! Race has always been an ill-defined amalgam of medical and cultural bias, thinly overlaid with the trappings of contemporary scientific thought. And no one has peeled back the layers of assumption and deception as lucidly as Dorothy Roberts.” —Harriet A. Washington, author of and Deadly Monopolies: The Shocking Corporate Takeover of Life Itself How Science, Politics, and Big Business Re-create Race in the Twenty-First Century Dorothy Roberts ... 15 Donald A. Barr , Health Disparities in the United States : Social Class , Race , Ethnicity , and Health (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins ..." The Palgrave Handbook of Twentieth and Twenty-First Century Literature and Science This handbook illustrates the evolution of literature and science, in collaboration and contestation, across the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. The essays it gathers question the charged rhetoric that pits science against the humanities while also demonstrating the ways in which the convergence of literary and scientific approaches strengthens cultural analyses of colonialism, race, sex, labor, state formation, and environmental destruction. The broad scope of this collection explores the shifting relations between literature and science that have shaped our own cultural moment, sometimes in ways that create a problematic hierarchy of knowledge and other times in ways that encourage fruitful interdisciplinary investigations, innovative modes of knowledge production, and politically charged calls for social justice. Across units focused on epistemologies, techniques and methods, ethics and politics, and forms and genres, the chapters address problems ranging across epidemiology and global health, genomics and biotechnology, environmental and energy sciences, behaviorism and psychology, physics, and computational and surveillance technologies. Chapter 19 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com. Racist Posters Comparing Skull Size of Different Races Appear at Amherst College. Daily Hampshire Gazette ... Roberts , Dorothy . 2011. Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics and Big Business Re - create Race in the Twenty - First Century ." Reconsidering Race Race is one of the most elusive phenomena of social life. While we generally know it when we see it, it's not an easy concept to define. Social science literature has argued that race is a Western concept that emerged with the birth of modern imperialism, whether in the sixteenth century (the Age of Discovery) or the eighteenth century (the Age of Enlightenment). This book points out that there is a disjuncture between the way race is conceptualized in the social sciences and in recent natural science literature. In the view of some proponents of natural-scientific perspectives, race has a biological- and not just a purely social - dimension. The book argues that, to more fully understand what we mean by race, social scientists need to engage these new perspectives coming from genomics, medicine, and health policy. To be sure, the long, dark shadow of eugenics and the Nazi use of scientific racism cast a pall over the effort to understand the complicated relationship between social science and medical science understandings of race. While this book rejects pseudoscientific and hierarchical ways of looking at race and affirms that it is rooted in social grounds, it makes the claim that it is time to move beyond merely repeating the "race is a social construct" mantra. The chapters in this book consider three fundamental tensions in thinking about race: one between theories that see race as fixed and those that see it as malleable; a second between Western (especially US-based) and non-Western perspectives that decenter the US experience; and a third between sociopolitical and biomedical concepts of race. The book will help shed light on multiple contemporary concerns, such as the place of race in identity formation, ethno- political conflict, immigration policy, social justice, biomedical ethics, and the carceral state. “Collateral Consequences, Genetic Surveillance and the New Biopolitics of Race .” Howard Law Journal 54:567–586. Roberts , Dorothy . 2011b. Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics , and Big Business Re - create Race in the Twenty - First Century ..." The Twenty-first Century African American Novel and the Critique of Whiteness in Everyday Life This book examines the post-9/11 African American novels, developing a new critical discourse on everyday discursive practices of whiteness. It examines not only how instances of racialization are generated through the embodied practices of whiteness in everyday interracial social encounters, but also how whiteness is “undone” by and through the black embodied practices of black people, who find different ways of practicing their agency to work for social change. Racing to Justice: Transforming Our Conceptions of Self and Other to Build an Inclusive Society. ... Roberts , Dorothy . 2011. Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics , and Big Business Re - create Race in the Twenty - first Century ." Biofictions Biofictions introduces three novel concepts: ‘biofiction,’ ‘bioimagination,’ and ‘biodiscourse’ to talk about intersections of literary and visual texts and biotechnology. The book proposes a new interdisciplinary area of research that correlates processes of genetics and literature, based on two critical approaches. One, drawing parallels between the genetic codes, human language, formal (binary) language, and posthuman communication and the role of meaning and imagination in these forms of communication. Two, by defining ‘biofictions’ as a critical scientific-artistic concept and as a corpus of texts that engage ideas and developments in molecular biology. Syncretic connection between biotechnology and literature is especially evident in an open science movement and the literary artistic genre of biopunk, discussed across chapters. The study includes well-known contemporary texts, such as David Foster Wallace’s Infinite Jest, that are recontextualized as biofiction; it offers a rereading of important but neglected novels such as Thomas Disch’s Camp Concentration (1967); and it analyzes new visual texts such as the TV series Altered Carbon and Ghost in the Shell films. Based on these wide-ranging examples and new critical concepts, the book argues that coming up with possible alterations for the genetic code or intended traits for the organism is a discursive practice that brings into being bionarratives that are both organic and literary. Chapter 1 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license. But the second half of the novel focuses on the behavior and AI patterns of the robotic “mothers” and their relationship ... Nov 28, 2006. www.nytimes.com/2006/11/28/ books /28masl.html Powers , Richard . Orfeo . New York: W.W.Norton, 2014." Like an Animal: Critical Animal Studies Approaches to Borders, Displacement, and Othering Like an Animal features a number of relevant critical animal studies scholars providing theoretical and empirical accounts on the intersection of border politics, displacement and nonhuman animals. In the eighteenth century, the Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus divided 13 14 Dorothy Roberts , Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics , and Big Business Re - create Race in the Twenty - First Century (New York: The New Press, 2011), 72, ..." Vitality Politics Traces the post-Reconstruction roots of the slow violence enacted on black people in the U.S. through the politicization of biological health Roberts , Dorothy . Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics and Big Business Re - Create Race in the Twenty - First Century . New York: New Press, 2011. Roberts , Dorothy . Killing the Black Body: Race , Reproduction, and the Meaning of Liberty." The Handbook of Science and Technology Studies, fourth edition The fourth edition of an authoritative overview, with all new chapters that capture the state of the art in a rapidly growing field. Science and Technology Studies (STS) is a flourishing interdisciplinary field that examines the transformative power of science and technology to arrange and rearrange contemporary societies. The Handbook of Science and Technology Studies provides a comprehensive and authoritative overview of the field, reviewing current research and major theoretical and methodological approaches in a way that is accessible to both new and established scholars from a range of disciplines. This new edition, sponsored by the Society for Social Studies of Science, is the fourth in a series of volumes that have defined the field of STS. It features 36 chapters, each written for the fourth edition, that capture the state of the art in a rich and rapidly growing field. One especially notable development is the increasing integration of feminist, gender, and postcolonial studies into the body of STS knowledge. The book covers methods and participatory practices in STS research; mechanisms by which knowledge, people, and societies are coproduced; the design, construction, and use of material devices and infrastructures; the organization and governance of science; and STS and societal challenges including aging, agriculture, security, disasters, environmental justice, and climate change. ... (Social) Studies of Science in France.” Social Studies of Science 17 (4): 715–48. Bowker , Geoffrey C ., and Susan Leigh Star . 2000. Sorting Things Out : Classification and Its Consequences . Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Brand, Stewart." The Photographic Uncanny This book argues for a renewed understanding of the fundamentally uncanny quality of the medium of photography. It especially makes the case for the capacity of certain photographs—precisely through their uncanniness—to contest structures of political and social dominance. The uncanny as a quality that unsettles the perception of home emerges as a symptom of modern and contemporary society and also as an aesthetic apparatus by which some key photographs critique the hegemony of capitalist and industrialist domains. The book’s historical scope is large, beginning with William Henry Fox Talbot and closing with contemporary indigenous photographer Bear Allison and contemporary African American photographer Devin Allen. Through close readings, exegesis, of individual photographs and careful deployment of contemporary political and aesthetic theory, The Photographic Uncanny argues for a re-envisioning of the political capacity of photography to expose the haunted, homeless, condition of modernity. Allan Sekula, “The Body and the Archive,” October 39 (Winter 1986), 3–64; Dorothy E. Roberts , Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics , and Big Business Re - create Race in the Twenty - First Century (New York: The New Press, 2012)." Reproductive Politics in the United States Reproductive Politics in the United States is a concise, accessible, and engaging introduction to what continues to be a contentious and polarizing topic in the United States. Focusing on the current debates, controversies, and realities of reproductive justice, this text seeks to examine the historical, social and cultural forces that shape those politics. Making use of an explicitly feminist framework, the book analyzes how the intersections of gender, race, ethnicity, class, sexuality, and other markers of difference are implicated in protest and policy. This is a primer for Women’s and Gender Studies students, and for those coming to the topic for the first time. Roberts , Dorothy . 2011. Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics , and Big Business Re - Create Race in the Twenty - First Century . New York: The New Press. ———. 2009. “ Race , Gender, and Genetic Technologies: A New Reproductive Dystopia?" Good Science An examination of a decade and a half of political controversy, ethical debate, and scientific progress in stem cell research. After a decade and a half, human pluripotent stem cell research has been normalized. There may be no consensus on the status of the embryo—only a tacit agreement to disagree—but the debate now takes place in a context in which human stem cell research and related technologies already exist. In this book, Charis Thompson investigates the evolution of the controversy over human pluripotent stem cell research in the United States and proposes a new ethical approach for “good science.” Thompson traces political, ethical, and scientific developments that came together in what she characterizes as a “procurial” framing of innovation, based on concern with procurement of pluripotent cells and cell lines, a pro-cures mandate, and a proliferation of bio-curatorial practices. Thompson describes what she calls the “ethical choreography” that allowed research to go on as the controversy continued. The intense ethical attention led to some important discoveries as scientists attempted to “invent around” ethical roadblocks. Some ethical concerns were highly legible; but others were hard to raise in the dominant procurial framing that allowed government funding for the practice of stem cell research to proceed despite controversy. Thompson broadens the debate to include such related topics as animal and human research subjecthood and altruism. Looking at fifteen years of stem cell debate and discoveries, Thompson argues that good science and good ethics are mutually reinforcing, rather than antithetical, in contemporary biomedicine. inSide TechnoloGy ediTed by Wiebe e. bijker, W. bernard carlSon, and Trevor Pinch Janet Abbate, Inventing the ... 1920–1940 Geoffrey C . Bowker and Susan Leigh Star , Sorting Things Out : Classification and Its Consequences Louis L." Infrahumanisms In Infrahumanisms Megan H. Glick considers how conversations surrounding nonhuman life have impacted a broad range of attitudes toward forms of human difference such as race, sexuality, and health. She examines the history of human and nonhuman subjectivity as told through twentieth-century scientific and cultural discourses that include pediatrics, primatology, eugenics, exobiology, and obesity research. Outlining how the category of the human is continuously redefined in relation to the infrahuman—a liminal position of speciation existing between the human and the nonhuman—Glick reads a number of phenomena, from early twentieth-century efforts to define children and higher order primates as liminally human and the postwar cultural fascination with extraterrestrial life to anxieties over AIDS, SARS, and other cross-species diseases. In these cases the efforts to define a universal humanity create the means with which to reinforce notions of human difference and maintain human-nonhuman hierarchies. In foregrounding how evolving definitions of the human reflect shifting attitudes about social inequality, Glick shows how the consideration of nonhuman subjectivities demands a rethinking of long-held truths about biological meaning and difference. Roberts , Dorothy . Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics , and Big Business Re - create Race in the Twenty - First Century . New York: New Press, 2012. Roberts , Dorothy . Killing the Black Body: Race , Reproduction, and the Meaning of Liberty." The Body #1 Bestseller in both hardback and paperback: SHORTLISTED FOR THE 2020 ROYAL SOCIETY INSIGHT INVESTMENT SCIENCE BOOK PRIZE _______ 'A directory of wonders.' - The Guardian 'Jaw-dropping.' - The Times 'Classic, wry, gleeful Bryson...an entertaining and absolutely fact-rammed book.' - The Sunday Times 'It is a feat of narrative skill to bake so many facts into an entertaining and nutritious book.' - The Daily Telegraph _______ 'We spend our whole lives in one body and yet most of us have practically no idea how it works and what goes on inside it. The idea of the book is simply to try to understand the extraordinary contraption that is us.' Bill Bryson sets off to explore the human body, how it functions and its remarkable ability to heal itself. Full of extraordinary facts and astonishing stories The Body: A Guide for Occupants is a brilliant, often very funny attempt to understand the miracle of our physical and neurological make up. A wonderful successor to A Short History of Nearly Everything, this new book is an instant classic. It will have you marvelling at the form you occupy, and celebrating the genius of your existence, time and time again. 'What I learned is that we are infinitely more complex and wondrous, and often more mysterious, than I had ever suspected. There really is no story more amazing than the story of us.' Bill Bryson Collis, John Stewart, Living with a Stranger: A Discourse on the Human Body. ... Davies, Jamie A., Life Unfolding: How the Human Body Creates Itself. ... Enders, Giulia, Gut: The Inside Story of Our Body's Most Under-Rated Organ." What We Now Know About Race and Ethnicity Introduction : the paradox -- The scientific sources of the paradox -- The political sources of the paradox -- International pragmatism -- Sociological knowledge -- Conceptions of racism -- Ethnic origin and ethnicity -- Collective action -- Conclusion : the paradox resolved. Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics and Big Business Re - Create Race in the Twenty - first Century . New York: New Press. Robinson, Eugene. 2010. Disintegration: The Splintering of Black America. New York: Doubleday." The Assisted Reproduction of Race A philosopher examines the social implications of assisted reproductive technologies at the intersection of race, medicine, and bioethics. The use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART)—in vitro fertilization, artificial insemination, and gestational surrogacy—challenges contemporary notions of what it means to be parents or families. Camisha A. Russell argues that these technologies also bring new insight to ideas and questions surrounding race. She does this in part by reframing ART, as medical technologies that also act as technologies of kinship. Thinking about race in terms of technology brings together the common academic insight that race is a social construction with the equally important insight that race is a political tool used in different contexts for a variety of ends. As Russell explores ideas about race through their role in ART, she brings together social and political views to shift debates from what race is to what race does, how it is used, and what effects it has had in the world. Robbins, Lionel C. An Essay on the Nature and Significance of Economic Science . London: Macmillan, 1935. Roberts , Dorothy E. Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics , and Big Business Re - create Race in the Twenty - First Century ." Race After Technology From everyday apps to complex algorithms, Ruha Benjamin cuts through tech-industry hype to understand how emerging technologies can reinforce White supremacy and deepen social inequity. Benjamin argues that automation, far from being a sinister story of racist programmers scheming on the dark web, has the potential to hide, speed up, and deepen discrimination while appearing neutral and even benevolent when compared to the racism of a previous era. Presenting the concept of the “New Jim Code,” she shows how a range of discriminatory designs encode inequity by explicitly amplifying racial hierarchies; by ignoring but thereby replicating social divisions; or by aiming to fix racial bias but ultimately doing quite the opposite. Moreover, she makes a compelling case for race itself as a kind of technology, designed to stratify and sanctify social injustice in the architecture of everyday life. This illuminating guide provides conceptual tools for decoding tech promises with sociologically informed skepticism. In doing so, it challenges us to question not only the technologies we are sold but also the ones we ourselves manufacture. Visit the book's free Discussion Guide here. Roberts , Dorothy . 1998. Killing the Black Body: Race , Reproduction, and the Meaning of Liberty. New York: Vintage Books. Roberts , Dorothy . 2012. Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics , and Big Business Re - Create Race in the Twenty - First ..." The Oxford Handbook of Feminist Theory The Oxford Handbook of Feminist Theory provides a rich overview of the analytical frameworks and theoretical concepts that feminist theorists have developed to analyze the known world. Featuring leading feminist theorists from diverse regions of the globe, this collection delves into forty-nine subject areas, demonstrating the complexity of feminist challenges to established knowledge, while also engaging areas of contestation within feminist theory. Demonstrating the interdisciplinary nature of feminist theory, the chapters offer innovative analyses of topics central to social and political science, cultural studies and humanities, discourses associated with medicine and science, and issues in contemporary critical theory that have been transformed through feminist theorization. The handbook identifies limitations of key epistemic assumptions that inform traditional scholarship and shows how theorizing from women's and men's lives has profound effects on the conceptualization of central categories, whether the field of analysis is aesthetics, biology, cultural studies, development, economics, film studies, health, history, literature, politics, religion, science studies, sexualities, violence, or war. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 34 (4):783–804. Roberts , Dorothy . 2011. Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics , and Big Business Re - create Race in the Twenty - First Century . New York: New Press. Rose, Nikolas. 1999." The Oxford Handbook of Law and Humanities How does materiality matter to legal scholarship? What can affect studies offer to legal scholars? What are the connections among visual studies, art history, and the knowledge and experience of law? What can the disciplines of book history, digital humanities, performance studies, disability studies, and post-colonial studies contribute to contemporary and historical understandings of law? These are only some of the important questions addressed in this wide-ranging collection of law and humanities scholarship. Collecting 45 new essays by leading international scholars, The Oxford Handbook of Law and Humanities showcases the work of law and humanities across disciplines, addressing methods, concepts and themes, genres, and areas of the law. The essays explore under-researched domains such as comics, videos, police files, form contracts, and paratexts, and shed new light on traditional topics, such as free speech, intellectual property, international law, indigenous peoples, immigration, evidence, and human rights. The Handbook provides an exciting new agenda for scholarship in law and humanities, and will be essential reading for anyone interested in the intersections of law and humanistic inquiry. Roberts , Dorothy . Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics and Big Business Re - Create Race in the Twenty - First Century . New York: New Press, 2011. Roberts , Dorothy E. “ Race , Gender, and Genetic Technologies: A New Reproductive Dystopia?" Becoming Human Argues that blackness disrupts our essential ideas of race, gender, and, ultimately, the human Rewriting the pernicious, enduring relationship between blackness and animality in the history of Western science and philosophy, Becoming Human: Matter and Meaning in an Antiblack World breaks open the rancorous debate between black critical theory and posthumanism. Through the cultural terrain of literature by Toni Morrison, Nalo Hopkinson, Audre Lorde, and Octavia Butler, the art of Wangechi Mutu and Ezrom Legae, and the oratory of Frederick Douglass, Zakiyyah Iman Jackson both critiques and displaces the racial logic that has dominated scientific thought since the Enlightenment. In so doing, Becoming Human demonstrates that the history of racialized gender and maternity, specifically antiblackness, is indispensable to future thought on matter, materiality, animality, and posthumanism. Jackson argues that African diasporic cultural production alters the meaning of being human and engages in imaginative practices of world-building against a history of the bestialization and thingification of blackness—the process of imagining the black person as an empty vessel, a non-being, an ontological zero—and the violent imposition of colonial myths of racial hierarchy. She creatively responds to the animalization of blackness by generating alternative frameworks of thought and relationality that not only disrupt the racialization of the human/animal distinction found in Western science and philosophy but also challenge the epistemic and material terms under which the specter of animal life acquires its authority. What emerges is a radically unruly sense of a being, knowing, feeling existence: one that necessarily ruptures the foundations of "the human." Sylvia Wynter: On Being Human as Praxis . Duke University Press, 2014. McKittrick, Katherine, Frances H. O'Shaughnessy, and Kendall Witaszek. “Rhythm, or On Sylvia Wynter's Science of the Word.” American Quarterly, 70.4, 2018, pp." Trafficking in Antiblackness In Trafficking in Antiblackness Lyndsey P. Beutin analyzes how campaigns to end human trafficking—often described as “modern-day slavery”—invoke the memory of transatlantic slavery to support positions ultimately grounded in antiblackness. Drawing on contemporary antitrafficking visual culture and media discourse, she shows how a constellation of media, philanthropic, NGO, and government actors invested in ending human trafficking repurpose the history of transatlantic slavery and abolition in ways that undermine contemporary struggles for racial justice and slavery reparations. The recurring narratives, images, and figures such as “slavery in Africa,” “Arab slave traders,” and “Black incapacity for self-governance” discursively turn Black people across the diaspora into the enslavers of the past and present in place of white Americans and Europeans. Doing so, Beutin contends, creates a rhetorical defense against being held liable for slavery’s dispossessions and violence. Despite these implications, Beutin demonstrates that antitrafficking discourse remains popular and politically useful for former slaving nations and their racial beneficiaries because it refashions historic justifications for white supremacy into today’s abolition of slavery. Modern-Day Slavery, White Indemnity, and Racial Justice Lyndsey P. Beutin. Peterson, Meghan, Bella Robinson, ... Roberts , Dorothy . Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics , and Big Business Re - create Race in the Twenty - First Century ." Black Feminist Sociology Black Feminist Sociology offers new writings by established and emerging scholars working in a Black feminist tradition. The book centers Black feminist sociology (BFS) within the sociology canon and widens is to feature Black feminist sociologists both outside the US and the academy. Inspired by a BFS lens, the essays are critical, personal, political and oriented toward social justice. Key themes include the origins of BFS, expositions of BFS orientations to research that extend disciplinary norms, and contradictions of the pleasures and costs of such an approach both academically and personally. Authors explore their own sociological legacy of intellectual development to raise critical questions of intellectual thought and self-reflexivity. The book highlights the dynamism of BFS so future generations of scholars can expand upon and beyond the book’s key themes. Dorothy Roberts . 2009. Shattered Bonds: The Color of Child Welfare. New York: Basic Books. 7. Dorothy Roberts . 2011. Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics , and Big Business Re - Create Race in the Twenty - First Century ." Pursuing Intersectionality, Unsettling Dominant Imaginaries Pursuing Intersectionality, Unsettling Dominant Imaginaries offers a sustained, interdisciplinary exploration of intersectional ideas, histories, and practices that no other text does. Deftly synthesizing much of the existing literatures on intersectionality, one of the most significant theoretical and political precepts of our time, May invites us to confront a disconcerting problem: though intersectionality is widely known, acclaimed, and applied, it is often construed in ways that depoliticize, undercut, or even violate its most basic premises. May cogently demonstrates how intersectionality has been repeatedly resisted, misunderstood, and misapplied: provocatively, she shows the degree to which intersectionality is often undone or undermined by supporters and critics alike. A clarion call to engage intersectionality’s radical ideas, histories, and justice orientations more meaningfully, Pursuing Intersectionality answers the basic questions surrounding intersectionality, attends to its historical roots in Black feminist theory and politics, and offers insights and strategies from across the disciplines for bracketing dominant logics and for orienting toward intersectional dispositions and practices. Intersections of Gender, Race , and Class in Introductory Textbooks. ... Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics , and Big Business Re - Create Race in the Twenty - First Century . New York: New Press. Roberts , Dorothy and Sujatha Jesudason." Foucault and Feminist Philosophy of Disability Addresses misrepresentations of Foucault's work within feminist philosophy and disability studies, offering a new feminist philosophy of disability Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics , and Big Business Re - create Race in the Twenty - First Century . New York: The New Press. Roberts , Dorothy E. 2016. “The Ethics of the Biosocial: The Old Biosocial and the Legacy of Unethical Science ." Life on Ice Preface: frozen spirits -- Introduction: within cold blood -- The technoscience of life at low temperature -- Latent life in biomedicine's ice age -- Temporalities of salvage -- "As yet unknown": life for the future -- "Before it's too late": life from the past -- Collecting, maintaining, reusing, and returning -- Managing the cold chain: making life mobile -- When futures arrive: lives after time -- Epilogue: thawing spirits Roberts , D. F., and G. A. Harrison, eds. Natural Selection in Human Populations. New York: Pergamon, 1959. Roberts , Dorothy . Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics , and Big Business Re - Create Race in the Twenty - First Century ." Mapping "Race" Researchers commonly ask subjects to self-identify their race from a menu of preestablished options. Yet if race is a multidimensional, multilevel social construction, this has profound methodological implications for the sciences and social sciences. Race must inform how we design large-scale data collection and how scientists utilize race in the context of specific research questions. This landmark collection argues for the recognition of those implications for research and suggests ways in which they may be integrated into future scientific endeavors. It concludes on a prescriptive note, providing an arsenal of multidisciplinary, conceptual, and methodological tools for studying race specifically within the context of health inequalities. Contributors: John A. Garcia, Arline T. Geronimus, Laura E. Gómez, Joseph L. Graves Jr., Janet E. Helms, Derek Kenji Iwamoto, Jonathan Kahn, Jay S. Kaufman, Mai M. Kindaichi, Simon J. Craddock Lee, Nancy López, Ethan H. Mereish, Matthew Miller, Gabriel R. Sanchez, Aliya Saperstein, R. Burciaga Valdez, Vicki D. Ybarra Roberts , Dorothy . 2011. Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics , and Big Business Re - create Race in the Twenty - first Century . New York: New Press. Sankar, Pamela, Mildred K. Cho, Celeste M. Condit, Linda M. Hunt, Barbara Koenig, ..." The Maternal Imprint Introduction: The Maternal Imprint -- Sex Equality in Heredity -- Prenatal Culture -- Germ Plasm Hygiene -- Maternal Effects -- Race, Birth Weight, and the Biosocial Body -- Fetal Programming -- It's the Mother! -- Epilogue: Gender and Heredity in the Postgenomic Moment. The Contested Science of Maternal-Fetal Effects Sarah S. Richardson ... Roberts , Dorothy E. Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics , and Big Business Re - create Race in the Twenty - First Century . New York: New Press, 2011." The Palgrave Handbook of Biology and Society This comprehensive handbook synthesizes the often-fractured relationship between the study of biology and the study of society. Bringing together a compelling array of interdisciplinary contributions, the authors demonstrate how nuanced attention to both the biological and social sciences opens up novel perspectives upon some of the most significant sociological, anthropological, philosophical and biological questions of our era. The six sections cover topics ranging from genomics and epigenetics, to neuroscience and psychology to social epidemiology and medicine. The authors collaboratively present state-of-the-art research and perspectives in some of the most intriguing areas of what can be called biosocial and biocultural approaches, demonstrating how quickly we are moving beyond the acrimonious debates that characterized the border between biology and society for most of the twentieth century. This landmark volume will be an extremely valuable resource for scholars and practitioners in all areas of the social and biological sciences. The chapter 'Ten Theses on the Subject of Biology and Politics: Conceptual, Methodological, and Biopolitical Considerations' is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license via link.springer.com. Versions of the chapters 'The Transcendence of the Social', 'Scrutinizing the Epigenetics Revolution', 'Species of Biocapital, 2008, and Speciating Biocapital, 2017' and 'Experimental Entanglements: Social Science and Neuroscience Beyond Interdisciplinarity' are available open access via third parties. For further information please see license information in the chapters or on link.springer.com. Roberts , Dorothy . 2011. Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics , and Big Business Re - Create Race in the Twenty - First Century . New York: New Press. Rushton, J. Philippe. 1995. Race , Evolution, and Behavior: A Life-History Approach." Sociology Looks at the Arts Sociology Looks at the Arts is intended as a concise yet nuanced introduction to the sociology of art. This book will provide a foundation for teaching and discussing a range of questions and perspectives used by sociologists who study the relationship between the arts – including music, performing arts, visual arts, literature, film and new media – and society. The McDonaldization ofSociety. Thousand Oaks, CA: Pine Forge Press. Roberts , Dorothy E. 2011. Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics , and Big Business Re - Create Race in the Twenty - First Century . New York: New Press. Robertson, Geoffrey." Medical Stigmata This book observes the idea of race as a false representation for the cause of disease. Race-based medicine, an emerging field in pharmacology, aims to create a specialty market based on racial groups. Within this market, the drug BiDil set a precedent in this area of medicine targeting African Americans as its first racial group. Consequently, selecting African Americans as a “starter group” led to ethical questions regarding the motive behind race-based medicine within the context of the larger treatment of blacks in American medical history. This book therefore links medicine and American eugenics, examines race-based medicine’s influence on the perception of the black body, traces the influence of BiDil’s approval on the resurgence of race-based medicine, and assesses the black church’s response to race-based medicine using black liberation theology as a means to social justice. Race , Medicine, and the Pursuit of Theological Liberation Kirk A. Johnson. Payne, Thomas J., et al. ... Roberts , Dorothy E. Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics , and Big Business Re - Create Race in the Twenty - First Century ." Reimagining (Bio)Medicalization, Pharmaceuticals and Genetics In recent years medicalization, the process of making something medical, has gained considerable ground and a position in everyday discourse. In this multidisciplinary collection of original essays, the authors expertly consider how issues around medicalization have developed, ways in which it is changing, and the potential shapes it will take in the future. They develop a unique argument that medicalization, biomedicalization, pharmaceuticalization and geneticization are related and co-evolving processes, present throughout the globe. This is an ideal addition to anthropology, sociology and STS courses about medicine and health. Roberts , Dorothy . 2011. Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics , and Big Business Re - Create Race in the Twenty - First Century . New York: The New Press. Rose, Nikolas.2007. The Politics of Life Itself: Biomedicine, Power and Subjectivity ..." Multiracial The year 2000 was the first time the US Census permitted respondents to choose more than one race. Although the US has long recognized that a “mixed-race” population exists, the contemporary “multiracial population” presents different questions and implications for today’s diverse society. This book is the first overview to bring a systematic critical race lens to the scholarship on mixedness. Avoiding the common pitfall of conflating “mixed” with “multiracial,” the book reveals how identity forms and fluctuates such that people with mixed heritage may identify as mixed, monoracial, and/or multiracial throughout their lives. It analyzes the dynamic and various manifestations of mixedness, including at the global level, to reveal its complex impact on both the structural and individual levels. Multiracial critically examinestopics such as family dynamics and racial socialization, multiraciality in media and popular culture, and intersections of race, gender, class, and sexual orientation. Integrating diverse theories, qualitative research, and national-level data, this accessible and engaging book is essential for students of race and those looking to understand the new field of multiraciality. Killing the Black Body: Race , Reproduction, and the Meaning of Liberty. New York: Vintage Books. Roberts , Dorothy E. 2011. Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics , and Big Business Re - Create Race in the Twenty - First Century ." Rethinking Rachel Doležal and Transracial Theory Using real-life examples, this book asks readers to reflect on how we—as an academic community—think and talk about race and racial identity in twenty-first-century America. One of these examples, Rachel Doležal, provides a springboard for an examination of the state of our discourse around changeable racial identity and the potential for “transracialism.” An analysis of how we are theorizing transracial identity (as opposed to an argument for/against it), this study detects some omissions and problems that are becoming evident as we establish transracial theory and suggests ways to further develop our thinking and avoid missteps. Intended for academics and thinkers familiar with conversations about identity and/or race, Rethinking Rachel Doležal and Transracial Theory helps shape the theorization of “transracialism” in its formative stages. Social Epistemology Review and Reply Collective, vol. 6, no. 9, 2017, pp. 13–21. Roberts , Dorothy . Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics , and Big Business Re - Create Race in the Twenty - First Century . The New Press, 2011." Human Flourishing in an Age of Gene Editing International uproar followed the recent announcement of the birth of twin girls whose genomes had been edited with a breakthrough DNA editing-technology. This technology, called clustered regularly interspaced short palindrome repeats or CRISPR-Cas9, can alter any DNA, including DNA in embryos, meaning that changes can be passed to the offspring of the person that embryo becomes. Should we use gene editing technologies to change ourselves, our children, and future generations to come? The potential uses of CRISPR-Cas9 and other gene editing technologies are unprecedented in human history. By using these technologies, we eradicate certain dreadful diseases. Altering human DNA, however, raises enormously difficult questions. Some of these questions are about safety: Can these technologies be deployed without posing an unreasonable risk of physical harm to current and future generations? Can all physical risks be adequately assessed, and responsibly managed? But gene editing technologies also raise other moral questions, which touch on deeply held, personal, cultural, and societal values: Might such technologies redefine what it means to be healthy, or normal, or cherished? Might they undermine relationships between parents and children, or exacerbate the gap between the haves and have-nots? The broadest form of this second kind of question is the focus of this book: What might gene editing--and related technologies--mean for human flourishing? In the new essays collected here, an interdisciplinary group of scholars asks age--old questions about the nature and well-being of humans in the context of a revolutionary new biotechnology--one that has the potential to change the genetic make-up of both existing people and future generations. Welcoming readers who study related issues and those not yet familiar with the formal study of bioethics, the authors of these essays open up a conversation about the ethics of gene editing. It is through this conversation that citizens can influence laws and the distribution of funding for science and medicine, that professional leaders can shape understanding and use of gene editing and related technologies by scientists, patients, and practitioners, and that individuals can make decisions about their own lives and the lives of their families. A thicker deliberation of human flourishing requires a commitment to creating a world without race , sex, class, ... Dorothy Roberts , Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics , and Big Business Re - create Race in the Twenty - first Century ..." Bodies in Evidence Uncovers how the process of sexual assault adjudication reinforces inequality and becomes a public spectacle of violence For victims in sexual assault cases, trials rarely result in justice. Instead, the courts drag defendants, victims, and their friends and family through a confusing and protracted public spectacle. Along the way, forensic scientists, sexual assault nurse examiners, and police officers provide their insight and expertise, shaping the story that emerges for the judge and jury. These expert narratives intersect with the stories of victims, witnesses, and their communities to reproduce our cultural understandings of sexual violence, but too often this process results in reinscribing racial, gendered, and class inequalities. Bodies in Evidence draws on observations of over 680 court appearances in Milwaukee County’s felony sexual assault courts, as well as interviews with judges, attorneys, forensic scientists, jurors, sexual assault nurse examiners, and victim advocates. It shows how forensic science helps to propagate public misunderstandings of sexual violence by bestowing an aura of authority to race and gender stereotypes and inequalities. Expert testimony reinforces the idea that sexual assault is physically and emotionally recognizable and always leaves material evidence. The court’s reliance on the presence of forensic evidence infuses these very familiar stereotypes and myths about sexual assault with new scientific authority. Powerful, unflinching, and at times heartbreaking, Bodies in Evidence reveals the human cost of sexual assault adjudication, and the social cost we all bear when investing in forms of justice that reproduce inequality and racial injustice. Roberts , Dorothy . 2011. Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics , and Big Business Re - create Race in the Twenty - First Century . New York: The New Press. Roberts , Dorothy . 1997. Killing the Black Body: Race , Reproduction, and the Meaning of ..." Peculiar Places The queer recluse, the shambling farmer, the clannish hill folk—white rural populations have long disturbed the American imagination, alternately revered as moral, healthy, and hardworking, and feared as antisocial or socially uncouth. In Peculiar Places, Ryan Lee Cartwright examines the deep archive of these contrary formations, mapping racialized queer and disability histories of white social nonconformity across the rural twentieth-century United States. Sensationalized accounts of white rural communities’ aberrant sexualities, racial intermingling, gender transgressions, and anomalous bodies and minds, which proliferated from the turn of the century, created a national view of the perversity of white rural poverty for the American public. Cartwright contends that these accounts, extracted and estranged from their own ambivalent forum of community gossip, must be read in kind: through a racialized, materialist queercrip optic of the deeply familiar and mundane. Taking in popular science, documentary photography, news media, documentaries, and horror films, Peculiar Places orients itself at the intersections of disability studies, queer studies, and gender studies to illuminate a racialized landscape both profoundly ordinary and familiar. Kinship, the History of Sexuality, and Native Sovereignty. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011. Roberts , Dorothy . Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics , and Big Business Re - Create Race in the Twenty - First Century ." If We Were Kin In June 1973, amid ideological rifts in the U.S. gay liberation movement, thousands of people gathered in New York City's Washington Square Park to commemorate the fourth anniversary of the Stonewall Rebellion. Partway through the rally, Street Transvestite Action Revolutionaries (STAR) co-founder Sylvia Rivera fought her way to the stage to address the predominantly white, middle class lesbian and gay crowd. Over the din of their boos and jeers, Rivera reprimanded the crowd for failing in their responsibilities to their "gay brothers and sisters" in jail, detailed the sacrifices she had made for the movement, and called them into the politics of STAR, "The people who are trying to do something for all of us and not men and women that belong to a white middle class white club! And that is what you all belong to!" Rivera's appeal thus worked through a push-pull of distance and belonging, shaming the movement for its assimilatory turn while invoking forms of kinship and calling her listeners into an expansive multi-issue liberation politics. How does a sense of intimacy call people into political community? If We Were Kin is about the we of politics--how that we is made, fought over, and remade--and how these struggles lie at the very core of questions about power and political change. Across a range of sites in racial justice and queer/trans liberation movements--from speeches by James Baldwin and Sylvia Rivera in the 1960s and 1970s to contemporary immigrant justice campaigns by the antiracist LGBTQ organization Southerners on New Ground (SONG)--Lisa Beard traces a distinct lineage of appeals that challenge atomized and hierarchical racial formations in the United States and advance powerful visions of political relationships rooted in mutuality and shared freedom. In plumbing the deeper registers of identificatory appeals, Beard transforms understandings of identity, solidarity, political confrontation, and apparent loss/failure as points of possibility. If We Were Kin offers an innovative account of racial politics and political theory rooted in Black, Latinx, queer, and trans activism in twentieth and twenty-first century America. Roberts , Dorothy . Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics , and Big Business Re - Create Race in the Twenty - first Century . New York: New Press, 2011. Roberts , Dorothy . Killing the Black Body: Race , Reproduction, and the Meaning of Liberty ..." Nested Ecologies How functional medicine leverages systems biology and epigenetic science to treat the microbiome and reverse chronic disease. Each body is a system within a system--an ecology within the larger context of social, political, economic, cultural, and environmental factors. This is one of the lessons of epigenetics, whereby structural inequalities are literally encoded in our genes. But our ecological embeddedness extends beyond DNA, for each body also teems with trillions of bacteria, yeast, and fungi, all of them imprints of our individual milieus. Nested Ecologies asks what it would mean to take seriously our microbial being, given that our internal ecologies are shaped by inequalities embedded in our physical and social environments. Further, Rosalynn Vega argues that health practices focused on patients' unique biology inadvertently reiterate systemic inequities. In particular, functional medicine--which attempts to heal chronic disease by leveraging epigenetic science and treating individual microbiomes--reduces illness to problems of "lifestyle," principally diet, while neglecting the inability of poor people to access nutrition. Functional medicine thus undermines its own critique of the economics of health care. Drawing on novel digital ethnographies and reflecting on her own experience of chronic illness, Vega challenges us to rethink not only the determinants of well-being but also what it is to be human. “Genetic Factors Are Not the Major Causes of Chronic Dis- eases.” PLos ONE 11 (4), ... Roberts , Dorothy . 2012. Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics , and Big Business Re - create Race in the Twenty - first Century . New York: New Press." Recognizing Race and Ethnicity This best-selling textbook explains the current state of research in the sociology of race/ ethnicity, emphasizing white privilege, the social construction of race, and the newest theoretical perspectives for understanding race and ethnicity. It is designed to engage students with an emphasis on topics that are meaningful to their lives, including sports, popular culture, interracial relationships, and biracial/multiracial identities and families. The fourth edition comes at a pivotal time in the politics of race and identity. Fitzgerald includes vital new discussions on race and technology, attacks on critical race theory and the teaching of race, racism, and privilege in schools, and ongoing police violence against people of color. Prominent attention is given to immigration and the discourse surrounding it, policing and minority populations, and the criminal justice system. Using the latest available data, the author examines the present and future of generational change. New case studies include athletes and racial justice activism, removal of Confederate monuments, updates on Black Lives Matter, and Native American activism at Standing Rock. Roberts , Dorothy . 1997. Killing the Black Body: Race , Reproduction, and the Meaning of Liberty. New York: Vintage/Random House ... Fatal Invention : How Science , Politics , and Big Business Re - Create Race in the Twenty - First Century ."